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COP30 Ends Without Fossil-Fuel Roadmap as Countries Pivot to Finance and Parallel Initiatives

The Belém deal pivots to implementation, targeting roughly $300 billion a year for adaptation by 2035 with a new just-transition mechanism.

COP30 President Andre Correa do Lago (C) gestures next to his advisers after the plenary session was interrupted following Colombia's intervention at the COP30 UN Climate Change Conference in Belem, Para state, Brazil, on November 22, 2025. A proposed final deal for the UN climate talks omits any direct mention of phasing out fossil fuels, as demanded by the EU and many countries, according to the text published Saturday after two weeks of fraught negotiations. The draft, which must be approved by consensus by nearly 200 nations, calls on developed countries to "at least triple" financing to help poorer nations adapt to the impacts of climate change. (Photo by Pablo PORCIUNCULA / AFP)
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Trees surround the area of a quilombola, an Afro-descendant community called Menino Jesus in Acara, Brazil, Tuesday, Nov. 18, 2025. (AP Photo/Fernando Llano)
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Overview

  • The consensus text drops any fossil-fuel phaseout or deforestation roadmaps after pushback from oil producers and several major emitters.
  • Brazil will pursue transition and forest roadmaps outside the UN process, as Colombia and the Netherlands plan an April 2026 conference on phasing out fossil fuels.
  • Wealthy nations backed a goal to triple adaptation funding to about $300 billion annually by 2035, with details on grants, loans and private capital to be worked out over the next two years.
  • Delegates approved a just-transition mechanism to support fair, workers-focused shifts to low-carbon economies.
  • Brazil launched the Tropical Forests Forever Facility with initial billions pledged but below its target, underscoring the rise of voluntary finance efforts as formal talks stall.