Overview
- Negotiators in Belém adopted a final text that does not mention fossil fuels or set a phaseout roadmap, pointing only back to the Dubai agreement.
- The COP30 presidency said a separate transition resolution would follow with lower legal weight, alongside a new initiative intended to advance work into next year’s UN climate summit in Turkey.
- The European Union blasted the outcome as too weak but ultimately supported it to avoid backsliding, while Panama, Colombia and small island states voiced sharp disappointment.
- The package, dubbed the Mutirao pact, includes calls to implement and strive to strengthen national emissions plans, tripling adaptation finance by 2035, and emphasizing ending and reversing deforestation by 2030 without a detailed pathway.
- More than 80 countries had pushed for a clear phaseout plan, but opposition from oil producers including Saudi Arabia and Russia and allied blocs led to the removal of explicit fossil-fuel wording.