Overview
- Countries approved by consensus the Mutirão pact and about 15 technical decisions on adaptation, finance, carbon markets, technology, just transition and gender, including a call to triple adaptation funding by 2035 and to stay on track for $300 billion a year.
- The final text contains no explicit reference to oil, gas or coal and leaves out the phaseout roadmap sought by more than 80 nations after opposition led by the Arab Group, with Saudi Arabia prominent, and backed by Russia and others.
- European officials, Colombia, Panama and vulnerable island states denounced the deal as insufficient, and civil society groups accused the presidency of running an opaque process that sidelined calls to address fossil fuels.
- COP30 president André Corrêa do Lago said the presidency will issue separate roadmaps on transitioning away from fossil fuels and reversing deforestation, and he noted continued discussions in the coming year, including a Colombia-led meeting for willing countries.
- Negotiations ran past the deadline before closing by consensus, with delegates citing petrostate pressure, wider geopolitical strains and logistical constraints as factors shaping a watered‑down outcome.