COP30 Closes Without Fossil-Fuel Phaseout or Deforestation Pledge

Overview

• Brazil will convene a high‑level meeting in April to revive work on a pathway away from fossil fuels.
• Brazil’s Tropical Forests Forever Fund reported US$6.6 billion in pledges, though launch is delayed five years and disbursement rules remain undefined.
• Ocean outcomes included a Blue Package of measures, momentum on the High Seas Treaty, and a new Brazil–France Ocean Task Force.
• The negotiated text details a just‑transition mechanism and heightens recognition of civil society and vulnerable groups in implementation.
• Consensus procedures constrained stronger action, with China, India and Russia cited as blockers, while record oil and agribusiness accreditation raised conflict‑of‑interest concerns.