Overview
- Delegates adopted a final outcome that omits explicit fossil-fuel phaseout language and drops Brazil’s proposed roadmap.
- The text urges efforts to triple adaptation finance for developing countries by 2035 and stresses halting and reversing global forest loss by 2030.
- Talks ran past the scheduled November 21 end date as EU members and island states pressed to keep phaseout language opposed by Saudi Arabia and other producers.
- Brazil will convene a chair-led initiative outside the formal COP process and present its work to COP31 in Turkey in 2026, according to the presidency’s plan.
- The meeting took place without a U.S. government delegation at President Trump’s direction, and roughly 70 parties, including India, had yet to file updated emissions targets by the UN deadline.