COP30 Approves 29-Decision 'Pacote de Belém,' Prioritizes Adaptation as Fossil-Fuel Roadmap Dropped

Overview

• The summit closed with unanimous adoption of 29 texts that elevate adaptation, including 59 voluntary Global Goal on Adaptation indicators set for a two-year technical refinement through COP32 in Addis Ababa.
• The proposed global roadmaps to move away from fossil fuels and to halt and reverse deforestation by 2030 were excluded after resistance led by large oil producers, including Saudi Arabia.
• COP30’s presidency said it will organize consultations over the next year to develop non-text roadmaps on a just transition from fossil fuels and on deforestation.
• Finance outcomes include a pledge to triple adaptation funding by 2035 and Mutirão language urging at least $1.3 trillion per year for developing countries by 2035, though reported figures vary and formal commitments remain limited.
• The package advances inclusion by explicitly recognizing people of African descent for the first time and drew fresh scrutiny of the COP model after logistical failures, a venue fire, and a UN reprimand sparked calls for reform.