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Congress Sends ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ to Trump After Narrow Final Vote

President Trump plans to sign the $4.5 trillion reconciliation package on July 4 to enact permanent tax cuts, deep Medicaid and SNAP cuts, expanded defense funding, strengthened border enforcement

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Speaker of the House Mike Johnson, R-La., prepares to gavel in the House chamber for final passage of President Donald Trump's signature bill of tax breaks and spending cuts, at the Capitol, Thursday, July 3, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Rod Lamkey, Jr.)
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Overview

  • The House approved the reconciled package 218–214 on July 3, following a tie-breaking Senate vote, and the bill is now on President Trump’s desk for a July 4 signature
  • Under budget reconciliation rules that capped debate at 20 hours, the legislation locks in $4.5 trillion of 2017 tax cuts and adds new deductions for tipped workers, overtime pay and older adults
  • To offset revenue losses, it imposes deep cuts and new work requirements on Medicaid and SNAP that the CBO estimates will leave 16 million more people uninsured by 2034
  • The package raises the debt ceiling by $5 trillion and carries a projected $3 trillion increase in deficits over the next decade, according to CBO analysis
  • It also allocates billions more to Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Customs and Border Protection and military programs, boosting deportations, border operations and defense spending