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Colombia’s Coca Expansion Fuels Rise in Child Recruitment by Armed Factions

UN officials fault the government’s uneven presence with Indigenous communities taking the lead on patrols and rescue missions.

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The source of the souring of U.S.-Colombia political relations: a coca plant in Bolívar, Colombia. The Colombian government recently sought to combine eradication with alternative rural development to break the cycle of coca growing. The U.S. under Trump wants a return to the drug war, including aerial spraying, which Colombia has banned for health and safety reasons. Photo by Enn1.jpg: Dbotany /  Ilmari Karonen licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.

Overview

  • Indigenous councils in Cauca report over 900 cases of child recruitment since 2016 and link a recent surge to expanding coca cultivation.
  • FARC dissidents, the ELN and the Clan del Golfo systematically recruit children in remote communities to sustain their drug-trade operations.
  • The Nasa Indigenous Guard has intensified school patrols and rescue missions in mountainous areas to recover children taken by armed groups.
  • United Nations human rights chief Scott Campbell condemns the government’s uneven presence and delays in partnering with Indigenous authorities.
  • ICBF-funded initiatives helped 251 children leave armed groups in the first half of 2025 even as some recruits say they joined voluntarily to escape family issues.