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China Growth Tops 5% in H1 as Trade Surplus Hits $586 Billion

Policymakers are deferring new stimulus pending a late-July Politburo meeting to assess economic risks

People take escalators as shoppers, at right downstairs, select clothing at a fashion boutique store inside a shopping mall, in Beijing on Sunday, July 13, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)
An earth mover transports soil at a construction site in Beijing, China, Friday, July 11, 2025. (AP Photo/Mahesh Kumar A.)
Image
Shipping containers and gantry cranes are seen at the Yantian port at night in Shenzhen, in southern China's Guangdong province on April 14, 2025. Markets on April 14 welcomed a US tariffs reprieve for electronics, but President Donald Trump warned no country would get "off the hook" in his trade war -- especially China. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP) (Photo by JADE GAO/AFP via Getty Images)

Overview

  • China’s economy grew 5.2% year-on-year in Q2, bringing first-half expansion to 5.3% and exceeding the official 5% target
  • Exports surged following a mid-May US tariff truce, driving a record $586 billion trade surplus in the first six months
  • Retail sales growth slowed to 4.8% in June from 6.4% in May, underscoring a loss of consumer momentum
  • Real estate investment plunged 11.2% in H1, marking a sharper downturn in the property sector
  • Officials have signaled limited urgency for additional stimulus and will await policy directions from the upcoming Politburo meeting