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China Adds Record First-Half Coal Capacity as Wind and Solar Surge

Analysts see project sponsors racing to build before China’s 2030 emissions‑peak target.

Overview

  • China connected 21 gigawatts of coal power in the first half of 2025, the highest first‑half figure since 2016, according to CREA and Global Energy Monitor.
  • Total coal additions could exceed 80 gigawatts in 2025, with 25 gigawatts approved, 46 gigawatts entering construction, and 75 gigawatts in new or revived applications.
  • Renewables are expanding even faster, with 212 gigawatts of wind and solar added in the first half and more than 500 gigawatts projected for the full year.
  • Carbon Brief estimates China’s overall CO2 emissions fell about 1% in the first half of 2025 as power‑sector emissions dropped roughly 3%.
  • Researchers say coal is being retained as a reliability backstop and criticize limited flexible operation of plants, warning the coal buildout shows no sign of slowing.