Overview
- Statistics Canada estimates the population fell by 76,068 people (0.2%) in Q3 2025 to 41,575,585.
- Non‑permanent residents declined by 176,479, the largest quarterly drop since comparable records began in 1971.
- Study permit holders led the decrease (−73,682), with the steepest losses in Ontario and British Columbia.
- Temporary‑resident departures reached 339,505 versus 163,026 new permits, while 102,867 new permanent residents arrived.
- Most provinces and territories saw declines, with only Alberta and Nunavut up 0.2%, as asylum‑related populations rose by 7,324 to a record 504,767.