Overview
- Vitalik Buterin said Ethereum has solved the blockchain trilemma using PeerDAS live on mainnet and ZK‑EVMs at production‑quality performance, with remaining work focused on safety.
- In 2026, Ethereum plans large gas limit increases via Bandwidth Allocation Limits and enshrined Proposer‑Builder Separation, alongside initial opportunities to run ZK‑EVM nodes.
- Between 2026 and 2028, developers aim to reprice gas, adjust state structures, and move execution payloads into blobs to make higher throughput operationally safe.
- From 2027 to 2030, ZK‑EVMs are expected to become the primary method for block validation, enabling further capacity gains without sacrificing decentralization.
- Distributed block building remains a long‑term target intended to reduce centralization risk and improve geographic fairness in transaction inclusion.