Overview
- A peer-reviewed Antiquity study by UCL, Durham and Toraighyrov presents the first detailed survey of Semiyarka, a 140-hectare settlement dating to around 1600 BCE.
- Mapping and geophysics outline rectilinear household compounds and a central monumental structure consistent with a planned, permanent community.
- Crucibles, slag and tin-bronze artifacts mark an on-site industrial zone, with slag chemistry pointing to Altai tin sources about 300 kilometers away via the Irtysh corridor.
- Researchers argue the site likely served as a production and exchange center on the steppe, with a rough peak population estimate of 300–1,000 residents.
- Teams report excavations are beginning to refine dates and assess whether features are contemporary, as some scholars question labeling Semiyarka a major city.