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Brazil’s Senate Backs Temporary Capital Shift to Belém for COP30

The bill now awaits President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s signature to take effect.

Overview

  • The Senate approved PL 358/2025 authorizing a symbolic transfer of federal capital functions to Belém during the UN climate summit in November.
  • The measure would allow the Executive, Legislative and Judiciary to operate from Belém, with official acts during the period registered in that city.
  • The text requires subsequent Executive regulation to set administrative, operational and logistical procedures for the temporary move.
  • Authored by Deputy Duda Salabert, the proposal cites constitutional authority and recalls a 1992 precedent during the Rio Earth Summit.
  • Senator Jader Barbalho reported in favor emphasizing the Amazon’s role, while critics such as Eduardo Girão questioned costs and practical benefits.