Overview
- The COP30 presidency is driving a two‑stage outcome with a first package targeted for Wednesday and a final wrap by Friday, with President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva returning to Belém to help broker compromises.
- Brazil’s draft concentrates negotiations on four flashpoints: tougher national plans and monitoring, scaling climate finance including proposals to triple adaptation funding, trade‑related climate measures, and transparency.
- Fossil‑fuel wording remains the biggest divide, with options ranging from a ministerial roundtable or workshop on pathways to reduce dependency to no text at all, while roughly 80 countries push for a clear roadmap and oil‑producing states resist.
- The text floats moving from five‑year to annual assessments of national climate pledges to track global progress more closely.
- Debate over trade measures intensifies as China and others question policies like the EU’s carbon border fee, UN climate chief Simon Stiell warns against delay, civil society steps up pressure, and the United States skips COP30.