Overview

• Prostate cancer is now the most diagnosed cancer in England and affects 1 in 8 men globally, with risks increasing sharply after age 50.
• Joe Biden’s metastatic prostate cancer diagnosis has spotlighted the complexity of balancing early detection with the risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
• Key uncontrollable risk factors include age, ethnicity (Black men face double the risk of white men), and family history, while lifestyle links remain inconclusive.
• U.S. guidelines advise personalized screening for men aged 55–69 and recommend against routine screening for those over 70 years old.
• Advances in metastatic treatment options, including hormone-targeted therapies, offer improved outcomes but are not uniformly applied.