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Bezos Predicts Gigawatt-Scale Orbital Data Centers Within Two Decades

Independent analyses highlight steep engineering, cost, latency hurdles compared with today’s small ISS prototypes.

Overview

  • Speaking at Italian Tech Week in Turin, Jeff Bezos said continuous solar power could make space-based training clusters cheaper than Earth facilities in 10–20 years.
  • Reporting flags difficult maintenance, costly launches and failure risk, while ISS trials by HPE and Axiom have been tiny and have exposed reliability issues.
  • Tom’s Hardware estimates a 1 GW orbital system would require roughly 2.4–3.3 million square meters of solar panels weighing 9,000–11,250 tonnes and launches costing tens of billions of dollars.
  • The Register notes that rejecting about 1 GW of heat would demand vast radiator arrays and that radiation hardening beyond standard ECC would be necessary.
  • Latency would constrain many applications at roughly 20–40 ms from low Earth orbit and up to about 600 ms from geostationary orbit, though AI training could be more suitable.