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Berlin Squeezes Groundwater Reserves With Record Heat-Driven Demand

Peak-day withdrawals now exceed sustainable recharge levels in parts of the city, eroding groundwater reserves critical to Berlin’s water security.

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Overview

  • On the hottest day this year, Berlin’s network received 880,000 cubic meters of drinking water, the highest daily volume recorded in 2024.
  • Household consumption can double on heatwave days, driving demand well above the annual average.
  • Citywide groundwater extraction surpasses the 20 percent recharge guideline and exceeds 40 percent in southeast Berlin.
  • Berlin relies entirely on local aquifers for its water supply and has no alternative sources in place.
  • Higher withdrawal rates are producing more wastewater that treated plants cannot restore to fresh-water quality, increasing ecological strain.