Overview

• Officials documented unspent bullet casings at the scene bearing inscriptions that included a lyric from the song along with other taunts.
• The phrase appears on evidence linked to the accused gunman, yet its relevance to motive remains unresolved according to current reporting.
• Scholars describe contested origins for the tune, with a melody traced to a 1919 recording and partisan lyrics documented only decades later.
• Global pop culture helped spread the song through Money Heist, video games like Far Cry 6, and TikTok, decoupling it from a single political context.
• Researchers characterize it as a portable symbol used by diverse movements—from European Parliament protests to feminist and climate actions—complicating any single ideological reading of the engraving.