Overview

• Xi Jinping pledged to cut China’s net greenhouse‑gas emissions 7–10% below their peak by 2035, with wind and solar capacity targeting about 3,600 GW and non‑fossil energy rising above 30% of consumption.
• China’s goal could follow a peak as early as this year, and Beijing signaled more electric and hybrid vehicles in new car sales, though analysts differ on how far the plan aligns with Paris limits.
• António Guterres praised renewable momentum but said current national plans would cut emissions only 2.6% by 2030 versus the 43% the UN says is needed, urging far deeper 2035 commitments.
• German scientific societies warned warming could accelerate with a 3°C rise by 2050 conceivable, while other experts called that outcome unlikely but not impossible and pressed for mitigation and adaptation.
• Small island states faulted the EU for arriving without a binding plan as Brussels vowed to file one before COP30, and UN officials noted that fewer than a quarter of countries have submitted updated five‑year plans.