Astronomers Discover Planet 'Too Massive for Its Star'

Discovery of LHS 3154 b, a planet 13 times the mass of Earth orbiting a red dwarf, challenges existing theories of planetary formation.

Astronomers have discovered a planet, named LHS 3154 b, orbiting a red dwarf star, LHS 3154, that is at least 13 times the mass of Earth, challenging existing theories of planetary formation.
The planet orbits its star at about 2.3% of Earth's orbital distance from the sun, completing its orbit every 3.7 days.
The planet is suspected to be similar in size and composition to Neptune, with a diameter three to four times that of Earth.
The discovery was made using the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF) on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope at the University of Texas' McDonald Observatory.
The findings raise questions about how planets form around the lowest mass stars, as such stars were previously thought to primarily only be able to form small terrestrial planets similar in mass to Earth.