Astronauts Show Slower Cognitive Processing in Space Without Lasting Impairment

A NASA study of 25 astronauts reveals temporary cognitive slowdowns during space missions but no evidence of permanent brain damage.

NASA researchers tested 25 astronauts on cognitive tasks before, during, and after six-month missions aboard the ISS, focusing on processing speed, working memory, and attention.
Results showed astronauts responded slower in space but maintained accuracy, with processing speed taking longer to return to normal after their return to Earth.
Temporary declines in attention were observed early in missions, while other cognitive changes persisted throughout the mission but resolved post-flight.
The study found no signs of long-term cognitive impairment or damage to the central nervous system from extended space missions.
Findings highlight the need for further research to mitigate cognitive challenges for deeper space missions, such as those to Mars, where autonomy and decision-making will be critical.