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Amazon Dolphin Tests Reveal Extreme Mercury Contamination

Mercury used in illegal gold mining is contaminating river food chains, putting wildlife at risk along with nearby communities.

Scientists and veterinarians examine blood samples that were drawn from pink river dolphins in the Amazon River to determine mercury levels in Puerto Narino, Colombia, Sunday, Sept. 7, 2025. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)
Scientists and veterinarians weigh a pink river dolphin after a health check in Puerto Narino, Colombia, Sunday, Sept. 7, 2025. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)
Scientists and veterinarians capture a pink river dolphin in the Amazon River for health checks in Puerto Narino, Colombia, Sunday, Sept. 7, 2025. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)
Scientists and veterinarians capture a pink river dolphin in the Amazon River to perform health checks in Puerto Narino, Colombia, Sunday, Sept. 7, 2025. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)

Overview

  • Scientists led by the Omacha Foundation are briefly capturing endangered pink river dolphins near Puerto Nariño to assess health as sentinel species.
  • Measurements reported by the team show mercury in some dolphins as high as 42 milligrams per kilogram, far above the 1 mg/kg safety benchmark.
  • Fieldwork includes ultrasounds, bacterial swabs, and blood and tissue sampling, with microchips implanted to monitor individuals over time.
  • Indigenous communities across the Amazon have recorded elevated exposure, including hair samples above 22 mg/kg in one Colombian group.
  • Colombia’s 2018 mercury ban and regional enforcement actions have not stopped illegal mining, while pink dolphin numbers have fallen 52% and gray river dolphins 34% in recent decades.