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Alberta Mandates Underground Coal Mining and Tougher Selenium Controls After Water Pollution Study

Regulators will implement new reclamation protocols following a study showing that water quality standards at closed coal sites have not been met

A protestor holds a sign outside the offices of the Alberta Energy Regulator in January 2025, where a hearing on Northback Holdings application to explore for coal in the Grassy Mountain area was being held. The AER ultimately approved the company's exploration plans.

Overview

  • A peer-reviewed government study found that nickel and other heavy metal concentrations in Luscar Creek and Gregg River remain elevated, with downstream nickel levels up to 200 times higher than upstream.
  • In the McLeod River Basin, 98 to 100 percent of water samples exceeded Alberta’s selenium guideline, posing risks of deformities and reproductive harm in fish and bird populations.
  • Researchers warn that persistent pollution from decommissioned coal mines threatens the endangered Athabasca Rainbow Trout with likely extinction under current reclamation practices.
  • Bill Donahue, former chief of provincial environmental monitoring, said the findings expose systemic regulatory inaction on enforcing water quality and reclamation requirements.
  • Alberta’s Environment Ministry has barred new open-pit coal permits and will require future mines to operate underground or use advanced selenium management, while the Alberta Energy Regulator phases in remediation objectives over several years.