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Alberta Footprints Confirm Mixed-Species Herding and Tyrannosaur Stalking

Researchers plan to deploy search-image methods at Dinosaur Provincial Park to uncover more tracksites to refine understanding of dinosaur social behavior.

A herd of ceratopsians (Styracosaurus albertensis) accompanied by an ankylosaur (Euplocephalus tutus) walk through an old river channel under the watchful eyes of two tyrannosaurs (Gorgosaurus libratus).

Overview

  • A July 2025 PLOS One study documents a 312-square-foot tracksite featuring at least five ceratopsian prints alongside an ankylosaurid and a small carnivore from 76 million years ago.
  • Parallel tyrannosaur tracks found perpendicular to the herbivore prints suggest stalking behavior that may have prompted mixed-species grouping as a defense tactic.
  • The initial discovery arose during an international field course in July 2024, marking the first major footprint find in a park long known for its skeletal fossils.
  • Comparisons to modern wildebeest and zebra herds support interpretations that different dinosaur species moved together for mutual predator detection.
  • Lead authors Phil Bell, Brian Pickles and Caleb Brown are using refined search-image techniques to identify additional tracksites across the park.