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Airborne Survey Reveals Ireland’s Largest Prehistoric Nucleated Hillfort Settlement at Brusselstown Ring

The discovery suggests proto-urban life in northern Europe began centuries earlier than thought.

Overview

  • Researchers mapped more than 600 suspected roundhouse platforms at the hillfort, the highest concentration recorded in prehistoric Britain and Ireland.
  • Airborne photogrammetry identified 98 platforms inside the inner enclosure and 509 between the inner and outer ramparts.
  • Radiocarbon dates place occupation in the Late Bronze to Early Iron Age (about 1193–410 BC), with houses of different sizes in use at the same time.
  • Test trenches produced similar artifact assemblages across structures, offering little evidence for household wealth differentiation.
  • A stone-lined feature is hypothesized as a water cistern that would be the first known in an Irish hillfort if confirmed, and researchers plan further work on the enclosure chronology and the site’s Iron Age decline around the third century BC.