Overview

• The Enoch AI model integrates radiocarbon dating with handwriting analysis to assign ages to 135 Dead Sea Scroll fragments.
• Researchers trained Enoch on 62 ink-trace images from 24 radiocarbon-dated scrolls before validating its performance.
• Expert paleographers judged 79% of the model’s new date predictions to be realistic compared with established criteria.
• Enoch’s findings not only date Daniel and Ecclesiastes fragments to their composition periods but also reveal earlier overlap of Hasmonaean and Herodian scripts.
• The publicly available tool offers a non-destructive method for precise dating of ancient manuscripts beyond the Dead Sea Scrolls.