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AI Buildout Hits Physical Limits as Big Tech Doubles Down on Spending

Record AI spending collides with power and equipment shortages.

Overview

  • Equipment maker GE Vernova says transformer capacity is largely booked through 2028 and forecasts that meeting rising U.S. electricity needs will take 10 to 15 years.
  • Meta plans roughly $72 billion in AI infrastructure outlays this year, with executives arguing the investment is producing ad and recommendation gains and should continue to avoid falling behind.
  • J.P. Morgan estimates AI infrastructure could require about $5 trillion globally by 2030, implying roughly $35 per month per iPhone user to deliver a 10% investor return.
  • Morgan Stanley reports 15% of S&P 500 companies cited quantifiable AI-driven benefits in Q3 2025, up from 11% a year earlier, with technology firms leading adoption.
  • AlphaSense finds 418 large U.S.-listed companies now disclose AI as a material risk in SEC filings, while reporting also highlights immediate worker impacts such as a Meta-related data-labeling project being halted and relaunched at lower pay.