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AI-Assisted Single Reading Outperforms Double Radiologist Review in Dutch Breast Screening

A Lancet Digital Health study shows AI with a single radiologist improves early tumor detection, underscoring infrastructure gaps hindering national rollout.

Overview

  • Researchers reviewed 42,000 mammograms from the Utrecht screening program and found that one radiologist using ScreenPoint Medical AI detected more and earlier tumors than two radiologists working independently.
  • Nearly 4.5 years of follow-up confirmed that many AI-flagged lesions later appeared on subsequent scans, indicating earlier true positives rather than false alarms.
  • The integration of AI did not lead to a significant increase in unnecessary follow-up checks for women, maintaining stable recall rates.
  • Replacing the second reader with AI could reduce radiologist workload and save several million euros annually in the Netherlands.
  • National adoption faces logistical and IT infrastructure challenges and requires funding, in contrast to Sweden’s regional model where AI already replaces the second radiologist when confidence is high.