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5,000-Year-Old Elite Woman's Tomb Unveiled in Ancient Peruvian City

Archaeologists confirm the discovery of a noblewoman's remains in Caral, shedding new light on gender roles and trade networks in one of the Americas' earliest civilizations.

An ancient artifact found in a recently discovered burial site at the Aspero archaeological complex, belonging to the Caral civilization, during a press presentation at the Ministry of Culture in Lima on April 24, 2025
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Overview

  • The remains of a high-status woman, aged 20-35, were found in Aspero, a sacred sector of Caral once used as a municipal dump.
  • Exceptional preservation revealed skin, hair, nails, and a shroud adorned with macaw feathers, indicating her noble status.
  • Funerary offerings included a toucan's beak, baskets, vases, and other items, underscoring extensive trade networks in 3000 BC.
  • Preliminary findings challenge male-centric views of Caral society, highlighting the complementary roles of women in governance and culture.
  • Caral, the oldest city in the Americas, developed contemporaneously with ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China, yet evolved independently.